最新初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些(通用七篇)
时间:2025-06-18 作者:合同范本网相关推荐
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇1
形容词和副词比较级的用法
(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。
Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。
This room is three times bigger than that>这个房间比那个大三倍。
(2)“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的`速度比他弟弟快三倍。
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇2
一、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：
1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。
专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。
如：Beijing, Tom, the People's Republic of China(中华人民共和国)
专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城)
姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens(格林一家人)。
2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如：box, child, orange;
▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information .
二、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：
①在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.
[注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.
③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities, party→parties.
④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.
2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
三、名词所有格：
1、名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如：Childern's Day(儿童节), my sister's book(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加'。如：Teachers' Day(教师节)
(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's.如：
today's newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes' break(十分钟的课间休息),
China's population(中国的人口).
(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：
a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
2、[注解]：
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt's(我阿姨家), the doctor's(诊所)
②两人共有某物时,可以采用A and B's的形式,如：Lucy and Lily's bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father's(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
四、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：
1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,
①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三
班有张中国地图)
3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)
4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)
6、a lot of后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)
7、and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)
8、 there be句型中be的`单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)
9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)
10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)
11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)
12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)
但是,population一词又有特殊情况：What's the population of China?(中国人口是多少?)(句子用单数) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)
五、部分名词用法辨析：
1、sport、game、match、race的区别：sport通常指“户外运动”,以锻炼为主,概念较大;game意思是“运动、比赛”,不管户内户外还是脑力体力,指以胜负为主的运动;match意为“竞赛、比赛”,多指正式比赛;race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”。如：People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜爱运动) / The 20__ Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(20__奥运会将在北京举行)(被动句) / Our school football team won the league match(联赛).(我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军) / They were strong and won the boat race.(汤他们很棒,赢得了划艇比赛)
2、festival、holiday、vacation的区别：festival“节日”,指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动;holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或风俗习惯,复数可以表示一个较长的假期;vacation“假期”,指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。如：The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海电视节将在下个月举行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是个假日,多数人不工作) / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)
3、journey、tour、trip、travel的区别：journey指在陆地上(或海上或空中)进行的长途旅行,不知终点,含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行,强调游览多处,常用来指观光等;trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行,如出差度假等;travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行,尤其指到国外,没有明确目的地,也作不可数名词,指旅行这一行为。如：He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/ He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行观光去了) / He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好几次) / Did you go to Santiago(圣地亚哥) during your travels?(旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗?) / Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里边穿行是很危险的)
4、sound、noise、voice的区别：sound指各种声音;noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的“嗓音”。如：The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠) / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然间传来几声枪响和一声尖叫) / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因为感冒的缘故,这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音)
5、fish的问题：指许多条鱼且不管种类时,用fish,单复数相同;fishes指许多种类的鱼;fish指“鱼肉”时是不可数名词。如：There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多种类的鱼)/ I prefer fish to meat.(与肉相比我更喜欢鱼)
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇3
能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
She found the door broken in when she came back.她回来时发现有人破门而人。
My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。
少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时,强调动作完成后的状态.
They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时,发现所有的客人都走了。
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法
动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中,动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
1. I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车。(宾语补足语)
2. The girl was found beaten black and blue.人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。(主语补足语)
(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。
We thought the game lost.我们认为球赛输了。
I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
They considered the matter settled.他们认为这问题解决了。
(2)动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。
I have my hair cut once a month.我每个月理一次发。
He was trying to make himself understood.他正努力使别人听懂自己。
“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：
①(请人)把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她请人把屋子修好了。
Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪儿理的发?
②遭遇某种意外情况。He had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
She had her wallet stolen yesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③完成某事(自己也可能参与)。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.他今年已存了1000元。
(3)动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。
He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
The students wish the TV serial plays continued.学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
(4)过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被带进来了,双手被反绑在后面。
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇4
简单句的五种基本句型
1.“主语+谓语”(即“主谓”句型)
例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。
2.“主语+谓语+宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)
例：I study English.分析：“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
3.“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)
例：Our teacher taught us English.分析：“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)
例：He asked her to go there.分析：“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语—补充说明宾语做什么)。
5.“主语+系动词+表语”(即“主系表”句型)
常用的系动词有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste,等。
例：I am a teacher.分析：“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇5
过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：
He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后,他显得很忧虑。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。
He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。
常见的作表语的过去分词有:
amused(愉快的); broken(碎了的);closed(关闭的);astonished(吃惊的);crowded(拥挤的);experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的);lost(丢失的);gone(遗失的);disappointed(失望的);worried(担忧的);interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的);satisfied(满意的); surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的); known(著名的)等等
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇6
1.过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。如：
Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。
2.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句，在句中一般能作五种状语，即时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语。如：
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
(Caught in a heavy rain相当于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
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合同范本网（506h.com）小编精心推荐:
- [year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 | 初一数学下册知识点归纳 | 初二英语上册知识点总结归纳 | 高中二年级英语知识点有哪些 | 初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 | 初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些
(Grown in rich soil相当于条件状语从句If these seeds are grown in rich soil)
注意：
①当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，才可以把从句的主语省略，且省略掉的主语与其逻辑谓语是被动关系或如第一段中所讲的表示状态。
②把状语从句改为过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语，即“while (when, once, until, if, though等连词)+过去分词”结构。如：
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。
Though beaten by the opposite team, the players didn’t lose heart.
尽管这些球员被对方球队打败了，但他们并没有灰心。
初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些 篇7
I.要点
1、连词的种类
(1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。
2、常用连词举例
(1) and和，并且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and和，既…也…
Both my parents and I went there.
(3) but但是，而
I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or或…或…，要么…要么…
Either you're wrong, or I am.
(5) for因为
I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.
(6) however然而，可是
At first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor既不…也不
Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.
(8) not only…but(also)不但…而且…
He not only sings well, but also dances well.
(9) or或者，否则
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Are you a worker or a doctor?
(10) so因此，所以
It's getting late, so I must go.
(11) although虽然
Although it was late, they went on working.
(12) as soon as一…就
I'll tell him as soon as I see him.
(13) because因为
He didn't go to school, because he was ill.
(14) unless除非，如果不
I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.
(15) until直到…
He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until结构)
He stayed there until eleven.
(16) while当…时候，而(表示对比)
While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)
My pen is red while his is blue.
(17) for因为
He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)
(18) since自从…
I have lived here since my uncle left.
(19) hardly… when一…就
I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
(20) as far as就…来说
As far as I know, that country is very small.
You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
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我们精彩推荐初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些专题，静候访问专题：初一英语知识点归纳总结有哪些
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